Conflict Scenario Paper - 1174 Words

Confilct Scenario paper Conflicts are more common than not in this day and age. You can have a conflict in a work or school environment over anything. In order to fix most conflicts there has to be an open communication. Lack of communication can cause more problems than fix them. Since Greg does not want to talk to me, I’ll start by sending him an email stating that I did not understand what I did wrong. I would like him to email me back to let me know what was going on. Then if I did not receive an email from Greg, I would then try him by phone and leave a message if he did not answer my call. If he did not answer that message, then I would try and talk to him in person again. In person I would start off by saying, â€Å"I know†¦show more content†¦For the best results, a set of rules must be held, although not universal, they can be said to be the driving force behind having a positive working relationship with fellow employees or having one that can be said to be barely held togeth er by the thinnest of tape. Simple conflict control can be the first in any set of rules in keeping problems between a team down to a minimum. Problems seem to get out of control between co-workers because they have been allowed to fester and grow and soon the situation is totally out control. When a problem arises, nip it in the bud, stop an issue before it becomes an issue. Talking about the problem and not around it is the key to conflict resolution. Another rule could be in a working environment never allowing personal feelings to take over. Do not let after the job activities become part of the team cohesive. A good way of looking at this is to be friendly at work but not to be friends. We are very social creatures and nothing can tear apart a business relationship like a personal one. This leads too many of the problems mentioned above like side barring, intimidation and non participation. The last rule is to hold the dynamic that works, if you have a winning routine, go with it. If there is a certain way to cure problems,Show MoreRelatedDispute Resolution Innovations1082 Words   |  5 PagesThis paper will discuss innovative alternative dispute resolutions and how they may be used in a controversial conflict scenario. The writer will discuss these methods using an actual conflict scenario, describing how individuals involved in the conflict will benefit from these innovative methods rather than costly courtroom litigation. Alternative dispute resolutions are clearly the most beneficial conflict solution regardless of gender, cultural influence, and identity. Conflict Scenario TheRead MoreConflict Resolution By Stephen R. Covey898 Words   |  4 PagesConflict Resolution To win or not to win, that is the question†¦or is it? Stephen R. Covey suggests that it does not have to be a win-lose scenario. Covey subscribes to a win-win philosophy, â€Å"Win-win is a frame of mind and heart that constantly seeks mutual benefit in all human interactions† (Covey, n.d.). When it comes to parent-teacher conflicts, Covey’s â€Å"Win-win† approach is the best solution to deescalate frustrations and maintain positive relationships between the teacher, students, and parentsRead MoreTRIP Essay1183 Words   |  5 Pages TRIP Essay Conflict Resolution Who Do We Hire? Participants: John, Jim (the Director), Laura, Karl, Keith and Celeste Setting: Mental health center Situation: An opening for a full-time therapist has been created by one of the staff therapists quitting. Questions 1. Name at least one topic (T) issue, one relational (R) issue, one identity (I) issue, and one process (P) issue of this conflict. T Issue = The most obvious topic issue during this conflict is the need to fill the positionRead MoreDual Relationships and Boundaries1497 Words   |  6 Pages545 September 2012 Abstract The purpose of this paper is to examine dual relationships and boundaries. Scenarios are presented in class, these scenarios deal with different types of dual relationships. The objective for this assignment was selecting one for examination. After a scenario is selected the concept of the dual relationship is evaluated. In this evaluation the concept of dual relationships will be defined. The scenario will be analyzed, and the ethical issues will be presentedRead MoreHow Workplace Can Affect Relationships At Work And At Home1748 Words   |  7 PagesSummary Conflicts take place in all aspects of life and are part of consciousness of all human beings. No one can totally avoid conflict whether it takes place in the office, at home or in public. In today’s institutions, conflicts in the workplace are far-reaching and can affect relationships at work and at home. In addition, although at times conflicts help organizations be more open and diverse, their complex nature can adversely influence operations of these enterprises. The paper examines workplaceRead MoreConflict Termination Outcomes And Recurrence1481 Words   |  6 Pages2. Literature Review 2.1 Conflict Termination Outcomes and Recurrence The means in which a conflict comes to an end has caught the interest of the academic community since decades ago. In the civil wars literature, there are different studies related to this topic, however most them have arrived to the same conclusion: civil wars ended by peace agreements are more likely to recur. One of the most popular exponents of the previous thesis is Edward N. Luttwak’s â€Å"Give war a chance†, where he arguesRead MoreIntroduction to the Miller Family727 Words   |  3 Pageshttps://gumroad.com/l/Teayh SOC Final Paper Final Paper To complete this assignment, read through the scenario below and address the specific questions and issues indicated. Review the Introduction to the Miller Family document for specific information on each member of the family. Grandmother Ella has been dealing with cancer for years now and has tried alternative remedies and juicing. She went into remission for some time, but now the cancer has returned and she is in the hospitalRead MoreBUS610 Week 3 Assignment Essay1695 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Conflict Identification and Resolution Mia A. Rapier BUS 610: Organizational Behavior Dr. Anthony Trotta September 28, 2014 Conflict is part of our human disposition; consequently, it is customary within organizations. â€Å"Left unanalyzed and unchecked, it can be a destructive force that consumes time, money and human resources. Learning the various ways that people resolve conflict and expanding their conflict resolution styles can lead to better results† (Sadri, 2012). Within organizationsRead MoreReflection Paper On Sdi944 Words   |  4 PagesSDI REFLECTION PAPER The Strength Deployment Inventory (SDI) is a self-assessment tool designed to provide a picture of how one behaves or is motivated. After completing a series of questions, a personalized report was created mapping out my personal motivators into categories of Blue (concern for people) Red (concern for performance) and Green (concern for process). The purpose of this paper is to discuss the results of my SDI assessment and my observations about my motivations and behavior inRead MoreHow Human Resources Practitioners May Apply Mediation1403 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Darlene Mitchell, the Director of the Office of Fair Practices for the Maryland Department of the Environment visited Towson’s Conflict Management and Resolution Class on November 11th, 2015. She spoke about her experience as a professional mediator. Specifically she addressed the topics of how to be a mediator and needed skillsets for mediation. In this paper, I will cover some of the insight she provided on these points, how Human Resources practitioners may apply mediation, and how I might

Graduation Speech Math And English Essay - 1700 Words

As a student starting off their schooling career there is a heavy focus on two subjects, that being Math and English. Within my elementary school career, I excelled in math and seemed to struggle with English as I was an ESL student. I struggled with English for years, but was able to learn Math very quickly. As a Mexican- American student, my family was not able to provide as much help with English as they were with Math. Regardless of any language barrier I could have had with teachers or my own parents, math was something I could grasp. I remember by third grade year, I had mastered multiplication tables and I was extremely proud of myself. However, by the time I began middle school I was already losing some of my strength in math. Starting middle school, I was placed into all honors math programs which was something I questioned. I myself didn’t feel that I was at a level where I should be placed in honors courses but I didn’t fight it. All was well until I began m y eighth grade year, where I took Algebra. I didn’t expect much and didn’t even think that I would struggle within the course. I’m not sure if I wasn’t prepared for the course or maybe if the course was just difficult but I didn’t do as well as in prior courses. This year, I had struggled and was barely able to maintain a C within the course. By my second semester, I had considered switching out to the easier course provided by my school. However, I decided to commit and stick with my Algebra course. By theShow MoreRelatedSports and Academic Achievement1494 Words   |  6 Pagesstrategy, and time management. We will be looking at studies that have explored the impact that athletics has on students’ academic abilities. Academic success can be measured in many ways but we will explore grade point averages, math and English test scores, and graduation success rates to show the positive impact athletics has on a student’s academic abil ities. Introduction Participating in athletics offers students the opportunity to learn valuable lessons they can use for the rest of theirRead MoreA Curriculum For All K 12 Grades1129 Words   |  5 Pageselementary curriculum by requiring districts with kindergarten through fifth grade to provide the TEKS in section 74.1, to support teachers by providing enough time for them to teach the TEKS and for the student to receive or learn the TEKS provided in English, reading, mathematics, social studies, science and the enrichments curriculum as well. The districts under this statute are given an opportunity to design the classroom instruction from the traditional classes to other organized setup to allow forRead MoreGraduation Speech : My Life After High School907 Words   |  4 PagesWhen my high school graduation came around in the year of 2013 I was not sure what would be the next step in life after high school. I was undecided whether I would go to college. I didn t feel I was college material since I honestly did not do that well my last couple years of high school. I figured I would just learn to paint cars like my dad. I was working for my dad during that same summer after I graduated and I completely changed my mind on college. Going home in dust and grime everydayRead MoreWhy Religion Should Be Kept Out of Sublic Schools1334 Words   |  6 PagesJeff Perman English 093 – 10B Sept. 20, 2011 Argumentive Essay Introduction Why Religion Should Not Be Allowed In Public Schools The question of religion in public schools goes all the back to 1948, where a case in Champlain, Illinois was heard regarding a sectarian group that would go into schools 30 mins. a day to preach to students about religion. The court found it was unconstitutional due to the first Amendment (Mead, Green, and Oluwule). These practices still continue today with variousRead MoreEssay on Graduation Speech688 Words   |  3 PagesIt is probably a mistake that I am standing here giving a speech for graduation. In fact it is probably a mistake that I am even graduating from this school at all -- believe me, just as most people in this class I have tested the limits of attendance, of sleeplessness, and of procrastination. At the beginning of my high schooling, I was even testing dropping out ... and if that wasnt a mistake, I dont know what was. After four years of Starr altering our minds, it seemed most fitting for me toRead MoreCareer And College Research Paper885 Words   |  4 PagesS everal recommended high school classes are speech, debate, and an Advance Placement (AP) english class, if possible. It is a good idea for those pursuing a law degree to have a major which focuses on writing, reading comprehension, or analysing and understanding people. This school year, I need to prepare myself by studying court cases in order to familiarize myself, attending speech competitions in order to improve my public speaking skills, and improving my math skills. I need to study and practice myRead MoreTeaching Context Description Of Henrico County Essay810 Words   |  4 PagesIn 2015 there were 3,381 graduates and HCPS had a 90% on time graduation rate. Henrico County’s vastness contributes to it’s geographic diversity. From urban to rural to suburban, and everything in between, HCPS has schools in all types of locales. HCPS provides comprehensive programs and support services for gifted students, students with special needs, homebound students, homeschooled students, and students who are learning English as a Second Language. HCPS also has numerous specialty centersRead MoreEvery Student Succeeds Act ( ESSA Case Study1477 Words   |  6 Pagesstate standards but also assessment criteria that stakeholders believe matter the most. With the recent adoption of Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA), it is evident that New Jersey is committed to upholding high-quality standards which have adjusted English Language Arts (ELA) and mathematics expectations to include a greater emphasis on higher-order thinking skills and not the rote memorization of facts and information. New Jersey has moved to administering PARCC as a way to assess these standardsRead MoreThe Graduation Standards From Cherry Creek School1293 Words   |  6 PagesDear ladies and gentlemen of the Cherry Creek School District board of education, in 2009 the current graduation standards from Cherry Creek Schools were set in place. All high school students were required (in order to graduate) to have taken: four credits of English, three credits of math, three credits of science, three credits of social studies, two credits of physical education, one and a half credits of fine arts or career and technical education and finally five and a half credits of electivesRead MoreEssay about Graduation Speech1061 Words   |  5 Pagesto be a big boom in that industry. The city of Seattle is one of the greatest. It is so artsy and everyone here is so nice. I just felt I should point out that we have one of the greatest states in the United States. The beauty of doing a graduation speech is you get to say what ever you want. I thought that was going to be easy but, as I look back through the four years of high school the only time I wrote something was when I was assigned it. So you would think such a young thriving mind would

How effectively did the Soviet Union control Eastern Europe from 1945 to 1968 Free Essays

In 1945, it was very important that Stalin gained control over his sphere of influence; WW2 had come to an end, and the future of the Soviet Union was at an unstable point. From 1945-8 Stalin used a series of ‘salami’ tactics to gain control over the Eastern European countries. This would involve setting up communist parties within a country, winning a coalition government, and ultimately, taking over to run a full communist regime. We will write a custom essay sample on How effectively did the Soviet Union control Eastern Europe from 1945 to 1968? or any similar topic only for you Order Now This was effective in the sense that Stalin, in the space of three years, was able to takeover seven different countries. However, out of these, only one country – Albania – allowed the takeover without any opposition, the other countries gave more of a struggle. There was obviously some backlash against Stalin’s actions, as they did not run smoothly, and this is why he probably had to use more severe tactics when trying to take control over Eastern Europe. In Bulgaria (1945), Stalin had all opposing party members executed, and was only then able to take full control. After this, Stalin had no problems gaining power over such countries – without further opposition, as the same techniques were used in Poland and Czechoslovakia two to three years later. This shows that Stalin did not want to give way to chance, seeing what would happen in each country gradually, by using the minimum force needed. He wanted to be sure of total control, and therefore used the necessary tactics to succeed – it appears that the most extreme were the most effective. Stalin was able to keep such a tight ‘following’ due to the fear and propaganda that followed his infamous Red army. He had placed them within his sphere as a warning to the people. If they opposed, they would be dealt with by the Red Army through means of ‘re-education’. They kept an eye over the people, and crushed any sort of uprising. This would have been a deterrent enough for anybody looking to rebel against communism. This proved to be effective as there are no real incidences where the Red army have been called in to sort out a situation (apart from in Hungary and Czechoslovakia, but that was under different circumstances). When Stalin saw the lure of the Marshall Plan, he definitely felt under pressure to counteract this – coming up with Comecon 1949. This shows he was desperate, as firstly, this goes against communist views, as the idea was to send money to communist countries to aid them in their economic process. This was a bribe, nonetheless; but it worked. No countries already within the control of the Soviet Union left the sphere – if they were tempted by money, they could still have it, and Stalin would still have control. They only probably stayed with Stalin out of the fear of the consequences, and therefore this tactic was successful due to previous attempts of control, mainly because of the Red Army. Stalin finally dies in 1953, and Khrushchev takes over. He introduces a new relaxed policy, and looks to ‘de-Stalinise’ Eastern Europe, hoping to promote better relations with the West. Subsequently, other countries within the sphere wanted a more liberal government, and started to rebel. This shows that Stalin himself, along with his attitude and thinking, was an effective way to keep control over Eastern Europe. he was not a liberal man, he insinuated fear and death throughout the people, who dared not oppose. Now that there is a more liberal leader in office, the people feel this is the opportunity they need to express their feelings. What Khrushchev may have done wrong, was to initiate an ‘instant’ change, which could not be done on a large scale in regards to the whole of Eastern Europe at one given time. Stalin was effective in what he did, as he used gradual changes to implant his policy. 1953 also saw riots in Czechoslovakia, where people where burning Soviet flags and demolishing Stalin statues – this was an obvious attack on Soviet power. However, the riots were quickly put down by the Red army, but the consequences were not great ones, and therefore encouraged strikes in East Germany to occur. East Germans aired their grievances about wage cuts, but the Red army was called in to crush all uprising. 400 people were killed; Khrushchev was reverting back to Stalin’s old methods, however people were not put off, as there are further problems in Hungary in 1956. Does this mean that the Red Army were no longer feared, or was there a change in attitude from the people? A level of both, most likely, but why? This leads back to Stalin and fear that he as an individual imposed on the countries. Khrushchev did not have that same effect, and from then on, people were more open to oppose him, knowing they could probably get away with a lot more. There was also a problem with East Germany, and how the collapse of it could have been crucial, in terms of ‘winning’ the Cold War. Germany had been one of many significant factors in the Cold War, and a collapse in Germany would mean a collapse in Soviet power if the West were to reclaim it. This might have been a short term cause for the Warsaw Pact in 1955 – the Soviet’s version of NATO – this not only gained support against the West, but also helped to unite a dividing sphere. This does not prove to be of any worth (at this time) as in the following year, Hungary has a revolution. There main aim was to get rid of Rakosi – a mini Stalin – through mass demonstrations, which later turned into street fighting. Oddly, Khrushchev introduces Nagy as the new leader of Hungary, instead of sending in the Red army. Was it now that he realised that the Red army did not have so much of an effect that it used to? This is the first time compromising had been used, but quickly backfired. Riots continued, and Nagy had declared Hungary would be leaving the Warsaw Pact. The S.U. was looking at losing control over one country, and sure enough, others would follow. The Soviets again, reverted back to trusted methods, calling in the Red Army to crush all uprising – killing Nagy in the process. The exact same happened with Czechoslovakia in 1968. It now seems that from 1945-68, there were times when the Soviet had complete control over Eastern Europe, and others, quite the opposite. Stalin had realised that in order to have control, he would have to use extreme tactics – the fear of the Red Army, propaganda etc. He also knew that with complete control, there was no edge way for choice or compromise with the people. This is where Khrushchev went wrong, expecting to have complete control when he gave individual countries more power. Knowing of such a relaxed attitude, the people then took advantage of this, and were no longer scared of the repercussions, as there is uprising after uprising under Khrushchev’s rule. By the mid-50’s effective control is on its way to becoming highly non-existent. How to cite How effectively did the Soviet Union control Eastern Europe from 1945 to 1968?, Papers

The Work Culture of a Business Organization

Question: Describe about the work culture of a business organization. Answer: The artefacts have been an essential part of an organizations brand identity. It helps develop a unique brand image so that users can identify with and relate. In this regard, Bell and Muir,(2014) noted that that artefacts are a pertinent marketing tool to assist a business enterprise in raising consumer awareness and attracting potential consumers towards the brand The organizations culture can be understood through the artefacts developed by the business organization. Bell and Mui (2014) stated that it reflects the values and principles and the work ethics followed by a business organization. In addition, it provides a view about the mission and vision in the long term. According to Guffey and Loewy (2012), the artefacts reflect the core values of an organization that determines the operational and the marketing policies of a business organization. As such, it can be said that artefacts have traditionally used by the management to determine the work culture of a business organizati on. The management to frame essential guidelines for daily business functionalities of a business enterprise uses the artifacts. According to Bargiela-Chiappini and Nickerson (2014), , the artefacts are composed of the following constitutes tag line, organizational architecture , internal environment of the company as well as the marketing initiatives taken by the company . These attribute help the brand to define the working culture of a business organization. It can be said that the artefacts contains the essential characteristics that re-innovates the total functionalities of a business enterprise. As such, it can be said that Apple and Google have been using artefacts successfully for the purpose of the organization. In the case of Apple, the artefacts reflect attributes like exclusivity, class and innovation. According to Cardon (2015), the artefacts have been primarily been used to reflect organization culture existing within Apple. Thus Apples organization culture emphasize on the production of gadgets that is of extremely high quality and innovative. Thus, the brand caters to the elite class of the society. As such, it can be said that the Artefacts have been used as an essential tool to define organization culture . In the case of Google, the artefact have been in the context of the global world. The artefacts relates to total coverage of the business, educational and the professional world. As such, it shall be a pertinent online resource gather necessary resource for the business enterprise. According to Grunig (2013), the artifact of Google reflect the attributes relat ed to the organizational culture and ethics. Google artifact reflects the fact that the brand adopts the culture and traditions of a place. Thus, personalized portals are created according to the culture and tradition to assist the business enterprise to attract local demand. Chatterjee and Subramanian (2013) mentioned that the artifact of Google have been an essential innovation that reflects the organizational culture and work ethics of a particular brand. Thus, the organizational culture and the work place environment have the following attributes like - flexibility, clear communication, constant up gradation of the products and services offered by the brand. According to Guffey and Loewy (2012), these characteristics are reflected clearly in the artefact of Google, have a strong influence on the organizational culture, and work environment. As such, it can be said that the artefact of Google have an essential impact on organizational performance as well as the marketing and the operational policies followed by a business organization. It has been an essential attribute that helps to define organizational culture and business policies followed by a business enterprise. Googles artefacts reflect the organizations capability and competencies to create a successful working culture that exhibits continuous growth. References Bargiela-Chiappini, F. and Nickerson, C.R., 2014. Writing business: Genres, media and discourses. Routledge. Bell, R.L. and Muir, C., 2014. A review of business communication under the leadership function. Business Studies Journal, 6, pp.99-121. Cardon, P., 2015. Business communication: Developing leaders for a networked world. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Chatterjee, R.B. and Subramanian, K. eds., 2013. Excellence in business communication. Pearson. Grunig, J.E., 2013. Excellence in public relations and communication management. Routledge. Guffey, M.E. and Loewy, D., 2012. Essentials of business communication. Cengage Learning.

Final Project Student Survival Guide free essay sample

This school has made earning my college degree convenient and offers many resources. In all of my classes books, appendices, and learning materials are online and easily downloaded to my computer for quick access. Audio files are a useful tool to help me comprehend my reading material. All Of the downloaded materials are also available to download to portable devices so I can take college with me anywhere I go. Another amazing resource is the University Library, which is easily accessible by clicking on the Library tab at the top of the page once I log into my student portal.In the library are many tools that help me to succeed. Among them is the Center for Writing Excellence, or CHEW which supplies resources to help develop written communication skills (University of Phoenix, Ixia College, 201 1). In the CHEW can submit a paper for grammar review in Writing and submit a paper for plagiarism review in the Plagiarism Checker. We will write a custom essay sample on Final Project: Student Survival Guide or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There are also grammar and writing guides to help me submit a top notch paper with little to no grammatical mistakes.A downloaded tool available in the CHEW is called Riverfront Writer, which opens a Word document properly roommate according to the required PAP (American Psychological Association) guidelines. Also in the Library is The Center for Mathematics Excellence, as well as, student labs and useful links to aid me in gaining my education. Under the Library tab I can find a search box to research all of the publications that Library has to offer as well as links to other databases to further my research. The tutorials offered in the library allow me to fully understand how to use the available resources. Next, we will discuss Academic Honesty. Ixia College has implemented academic honesty leslies to encourage the students intellectual growth, to encourage them to remain honest, and to encourage students to always give credit where credit is due. Ixia Colleges Student Code of Academic Integrity states the many different ways to cheat. Among them is Plagiarism which by definition is the intentional or unintentional representation of anothers words or ideas as ones own in an academic exercise (Center for Writing Excellence, 2011 Plagiarism is dishonorable, dishonest and in some cases criminal.It is stealing and using someone elses intellectual property as my own. The consequences if caught can be severe. I can be given a zero or failing grade for the assignment, be dropped from the course or even be expelled from the institution. A tip to avoid plagiarism is to always include my resources and use proper citations. The Reference and Citation Generator that is available in the library can help with this. Another helpful tool to avoid plagiarism is to submit my papers to the Plagiarism Checker available in the CHEW. The next step to cover is setting and achieving goals.My short term goal is to complete each of my classes successfully one week at a time. By focusing on my studies week by week am able to tackle them easily and not be overwhelmed. I intend to keep using this strategy as I have so far been successful. My long term goals are to complete my Associates Degree and to become employed in a hospital or clinical setting. There are always obstacles in any life goal. The trick is to identify them and overcome them. You can identify obstacles by realizing what and who supports your endeavors and what and who dont and rectify the situation.A strong support group will help you overcome anything that gets in your way. My Ixia degree will be pivotal in me accomplishing my goals. This degree will change my life for the better and I cant wait. Now we will talk about managing time wisely, something that I need to get better at doing. The goal is to balance time between my courses and to focus enough time and energy to both Of them. I have learned to set schedules for myself and set aside time that will only be for schoolwork. Throughout the day I have work, school, and family responsibilities.Setting schedules for your day really does help you accomplish everything you need to. When get up immediately head to the computer and log into my classes, there I check in for attendance and see what I need to accomplish for the day. I go to work, and when home tend to my family and then back to the computer to complete assignments or participate in discussions. I found that I wasted time in front of the TV and was able to find more time for studies when I eliminated frivolities. The best thing to do is prioritize my time and activities and I will be successful. Now lets move onto developing reading comprehension and retention.A valuable process I learned was how to use the USSR (Survey, Question, Read, Recite, and Review). When applying this process to my studies I found that retained information better. Surveying is your pre-reading or scanning for the basics of information that you will need. Questioning is compiling questions related to the topics you just surveyed. You are then ready to Read. The Recite step is repeating information written or out loud to let the information sink in. Next is to Review your notes or highlights (Carter, Bishop, Gravitas, 2007). This process can be beneficial to anyone for reading comprehension and I highly recommend it.The final step is applying personality and learning styles to my studies. Through assignments I discovered that my strongest learning style and intelligence is Verbal-Linguistic, which according to the text is the ability to communicate through language (listening, reading, writing, speaking) (Carter, Bishop, Gravitas, 2007). Feel this learning style is perfect for distance learning environments because can process what I read and write easily and successfully. My weakest intelligence was Naturalistic and decided to study he environment and nature more in order to develop this.

How to Do a Sedimentation Test on Soil

How to Do a Sedimentation Test on Soil For studying sediments, or the sedimentary rocks made of them, geologists are very serious about their lab methods. But with a little care, you can get consistent, fairly accurate results at home for certain purposes. One very basic test is determining the mix of particle sizes in a sediment, whether thats soil, the sediment in a streambed, the grains of sandstone or a batch of material from a landscape supplier. Equipment All you really need is a quart-sized jar and a ruler with millimeters. First, make sure you can measure the height of the jars contents accurately. That might take a little ingenuity, like putting a piece of cardboard underneath the ruler so that the zero mark lines up with the floor inside the jar. (A pad of small sticky notes makes a perfect shim because you can peel off exactly enough sheets to make it precise.) Fill the jar mostly full of water and mix in a pinch of dishwasher detergent (not ordinary soap). Then youre ready to test sediment. Use no more than a half-cup of sediment for your test. Avoid sampling plant matter on the ground surface. Pull out any large pieces of plants, insects, and so on. Break up any clods with your fingers. Use a mortar and pestle, gently, if you have to. If there are only a few grains of gravel, dont worry about it. If theres a lot of gravel, remove it by straining the sediment through a coarse kitchen sieve. Ideally, you want a sieve that will pass anything smaller than 2 millimeters. Particle Sizes Sediment particles are classified as gravel if theyre larger than 2 millimeters, and if theyre between 1/16th and 2 mm, silt if theyre between 1/16th and 1/256th mm, and clay if theyre even smaller. (Heres the official grain size scale used by geologists.) This home test doesnt measure the sediment grains directly. Instead, it relies on Stokes Law, which accurately describes the speed at which particles of different sizes fall in the water. Big grains sink faster than small ones, and clay-size grains sink very slowly indeed. Testing Clean Sediments Clean sediment, like beach sand or desert soil or ballfield dirt, contains little or no organic matter. If you have this kind of material, testing is straightforward. Dump the sediment into the jar of water. The detergent in the water keeps the clay particles separate, in effect washing the dirt off the larger grains and making your measurements more accurate. Sand settles in less than a minute, silt in less than an hour and clay in a day. At that point, ​you can measure the thickness of each layer to estimate the proportions of the three fractions. Heres the most efficient way to do it. Shake the jar of water and sediment thoroughly- a full minute is plenty- set it down and leave it for 24 hours. Then measure the height of the sediment, which includes everything: sand, silt, and clay.Shake the jar again and set it down. After 40 seconds, measure the height of the sediment. This is the sand fraction.Leave the jar alone. After 30 minutes, measure the height of the sediment again. This is the sand-plus-silt fraction.With these three measurements, you have all the information needed to calculate the three fractions of your sediment. Testing Soils Soils differ from clean sediments in that they have organic matter (humus). Add a tablespoon or so of baking soda to the water. That helps this organic matter rise to the top, where you can scoop it out and measure it separately. (It usually amounts to a few percent of the total volume of the sample.) Whats left is clean sediment, which you can measure as described above. At the end, your measurements will let you calculate four fractions- organic matter, sand, silt, and clay. The three sediment size fractions will tell you what to call your soil, and the organic fraction is a sign of the soils fertility. Interpreting the Results There are several ways to interpret the percentages of sand, silt, and clay in a sediment sample. Probably the most useful for everyday life is characterizing a soil. Loam is generally the best kind of soil, consisting of an equal amount of sand and silt and a somewhat smaller amount of clay. The variations from that ideal loam are classified as sandy, silty or clayey loam. The numerical boundaries between those soil classes  and more  are shown on the USDA soil classification diagram. Geologists use other systems for their purposes, whether its surveying the mud on the seafloor or testing the ground of a construction site. Other professionals, like farm agents and groundskeepers, also use these systems. The two most commonly used in the literature are the Shepard classification and the Folk classification. Professionals use strict procedures and a range of equipment to measure sediment. Get a taste of the complexities in the U.S. Geological Survey:  Open-File Report 00-358.

The evolution and behavior of a primate species Essay

The evolution and behavior of a primate species - Essay Example A key factor to this argument is that primates relied on sight over smell. They were able to develop a keen sense of depth perception, perhaps because of the constant leaping that was necessary to move about the trees. Their initial adaptation to life in trees set the stage for the subsequent appearance of other primate models ("Paleoanthropology/Primates/Humans"). By "arboreal", we refer to the arboreal theory proposed by Le Gros Clark, claiming that primates evolved from their ancestors by adapting to arboreal life. Primates are thought to have developed several of their traits and habits initially while residing in trees. A key factor to this argument is that primates relied on sight over smell. They were able to develop a keen sense of depth perception, perhaps because of the constant leaping that was necessary to move about the trees. The development of the hands and feet in Primates, which made them capable of grasping, was also believed to be a result of arboreal life, which r equired a great deal of crawling along branches, and reaching out for food, usually fruits ("Arboreal theory").Considered as generalist mammals (species that are able to adapt well in a wide variety of environmental conditions and can make the most of a variety of different resources), primates show a wide range of characteristics. Some primates, including humans and baboons, do not live primarily in trees, but all species possess adaptations for climbing trees and the like. The evolution of primates started with the Plesiadapis going back to at least 65 mya. From that time until today, there is a vast difference in the species. In all aspects - behavioral, physical, and cognitive - the primate species have definitely transformed to adapt to its environment. Just as the gist of Charles Darwin's theory on evolution states, it is the survival of the fittest (Darwin). The species, then, transformed because of its need to survive. In the cognitive aspect, the primate's intelligence developed due to reasons that would ensure its survival. Just as apes realized the importance of arboreal locomotion, soon after, some of them have developed the skill in tool-making, and would use them to acquire food and for social displays, especially observed with chimpanzees (Byrne 559). Chimpanzees are also observed to use objects as tools to solve new and novel problems ("Paleoanthropology/Primates/Humans"). By the development of their cognitive element, the physical aspect is too, affected. Primates are particularly large-brained compared to other species, and with the growing cognition, the brain too grows in size. The physical evolution of the primate species, wherein evidences are most apparent in skulls unearthed from the different periods, is very much connected to their behavioral evolution. Also, the bones in the primate's body changed through the different eras. With the increasing intelligence of the primate species , it is then the behavior that changes and transforms. This is then the evolvement of the primates' social behavior. Behavior of primates, in relation to social systems, Richard Wrangham stated that non-human primates' social systems are best classified by the amount of movement by females occurring between groups. He proposed four categories: (1) Female transfer system. It is in this category that the females move away from a group in which they were born. The females in a group are not closely related, whereas the males usually remain with their natal